Waveguides WR430 / WR430 / WR284

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Every industrial or research microwave system relies on an individually designed waveguide assembly. MARKOM designs, manufactures and supplies waveguide components in selected standards. Rectangular waveguides are the most widely used type:

  • WR284, WR340 and WR430 standards (others available),
  • straight sections of any length and bent sections at any angle in the E-plane or H-plane,
  • launchers matched to magnetron type and microwave power,
  • 3-stub tuners, isolators, directional couplers for VSWR monitoring, fixed and adjustable shorts,
  • vacuum and pressure microwave waveguide windows, including UHV systems.

Examples of completed orders can be found on the website Projects

Waveguide WR340 / WG9A / R26

straight_waveguide

  • Operating band: S (IEEE) / E (NATO)
  • Frequency range: 2200–3300 MHz
  • Materials: aluminum (Al), copper (Cu-ETP)
  • Waveguide attenuation: 0.01–0.04 dB/m (unfinished surfaces)
  • Peak power capability: max. 15 MW (unfinished surfaces)
  • Internal dimensions: 86.36 × 43.18 mm

Product page

Waveguide WR284 / WG10 / R32

straight_waveguide

  • Operating band: S (IEEE)
  • Frequency range: 2600 – 3950 MHz
  • Materials: aluminum (Al), brass (Br), copper (Cu-ETP), copper (OFC)
  • Waveguide attenuation: 0.02 – 0.035 dB/m (unfinished surfaces)
  • Peak power capability: max. 25 MW (unfinished surfaces)
  • Internal dimensions: 72.14 × 34.04 mm

Product page

Waveguide Transitions and Tapers

Taper WRJ9_WR90

In microwave systems, changes in waveguide standard, cross-section or profile are often required:

  • In low-pressure plasma generation systems, reducing the waveguide profile (tapered waveguide) increases plasma excitation efficiency
  • In industrial production lines, waveguides of different standards can be matched without impedance disruption or energy loss, maintaining continuity of the waveguide assembly

Construction:

We design and manufacture waveguide transitions for multiple standard pairs (e.g. WR430→WR340 or WR340→WR284). The primary material is aluminium AW-6082; brass, stainless steel and oxygen-free copper are available on request. Components are precision-milled, ground and polished. Joining method is selected according to the application — vacuum, pressure or high-power transmission.

Peak and Average Power Calculation

Catalogue parameters define waveguide performance under reference conditions. MARKOM determines peak and average power limits using a proprietary calculation tool. Input data includes:

  • internal dimensions, wall thickness, section length
  • operating frequency, VSWR, pulse width, pulse repetition rate
  • materials, internal and external surface finish, roughness, attenuation, thermal emissivity
  • flange type, quantity, insertion loss
  • insulating gas type, operating pressure, vacuum level
  • ambient temperature, wall temperature, pulse ΔT
  • waveguide orientation, list of heat-dissipating surfaces
  • cooling method

Four criteria are evaluated simultaneously: pulse heating of the surface layer, steady-state thermal balance, dielectric breakdown of the medium, and multipactor risk.

Sample calculation output:

EM parameters

  • fc = 2079.3 MHz, f/fc = 1.575, η_g = 487.97 Ω
  • δ_EM = 1.15 μm

Attenuation and losses

  • α_eff = 0.020 dB/m
  • Kloss = 0.005314 (flanges 43.3% share)

DC and pulse mode

  • DC = 0.319%, ΔT_imp limit = 150 °C
  • Pulse criterion non-limiting (Ppeak_imp ≫ 10×Ppeak_ss)
 Thermal model

  • h_conv = 3.71 W/m²K (correlations), Q_rad = 4.89 W, Q_conv = 4.01 W
  • Q_total = 8.90 W

Final result

  • P_peak_max = 0.525 MW
  • P_avg_max = 1.676 kW
  • Dielectric margin: 133×
  • Limiting factor: steady_state

The limiting factor is the steady-state thermal balance. A very small ΔT severely restricts power – a larger temperature margin will yield significantly higher results.